Child CPR (Age 1 Year to 8 year)

Activate the Emergency Response system 112 if you are all alone, than immediately start CPR. If AED is present activate AED quickly. If you don’t have someone beside you neither any mobile phone than you can leave the pt for activating EMS. Safety for first aider and as well as making scene safe is priority.

CHECK VITAL SIGNS IN PATIENT

1. 1. Breathing: - Breathing is checked by putting back side of palm in-front of the nose and can feel the breath coming out from nostrils.

   Note Breathing Pattern

   1. Fast or slow?
   2. Deep or shallow?
   3. Easy or hard to breathe?
2. Heartbeat: - Heart beat is listened by putting the ear on the chest of the patient use both ears.
3. Pulse:-check the pulse by putting two fingers on the side of the neck just behind your voice box. Use your index and third finger against windpipe.

STEPS OF CHILD CPR

Chest Compressions:-

Just as in adults it starts the blood circulation inside the body. As in adults locate the point three fingers just above the xiphi-sternum point. Use only one hand for compression for safety reasons, compress the chest approximate two inches deep with a speed of 100 - 120 times per minute after count of 30 stop and proceed to second step. It’s important to note: When performing chest compressions on a child you should compress at least 2 inches (5 cm). The compression rate is 100-120/min. Two Rescuers: Perform tasks simultaneously. Administer compressions over breathing 30:2.

Do not lean on the child’s chest in between compressions and make sure the chest ultimately recoils. Limit all interruptions to less than 10 seconds while performing CPR.

It’s important to note: Compression of chest in a child should not be more than 2 inches. Don’t exceed ½ the depth of child’s circumference. Remaining procedure is same as done in an adult CPR procedure. 30 compressions with two rescue breaths and perform at least 5 cycles and then check vital signs.

Compression-ventilation ratio:-

Chest Compression Fraction is the total percentage of resuscitation time when performed by the rescuer(s) during cardiac arrest. Try to minimize pauses in chest compressions. Chest Compression Fraction Goal: Target of at least 60 percent.

Note: - Remember to put patient on its back on a hard, firm and even surface.

Airway Management:-

Clear the airway prevent from choking, Kneel near the Child tilt the head backwards gently by putting palm below the head of child and lift the chin by your other hand. Look inside the mouth and check for any obstruction inside the mouth, If present should be removed with utmost care.

B is for Breathing - Mouth-to-Mouth

Rescue Breathing: It is performed mouth to mouth to provide oxygenation to the child who is not breathing. Normally Mouth to mouth breathing is provided but in rare cases mouth to nose breathing may also be given. Kneel near the patient as in Adult CPR take a deep breath and hold it, pinch the nose of child and by sealing his lips by your blow air inside his mouth. Don’t blow air too hard as lungs of child are smaller. Look for rising chest indicating the air is going inside his chest. Blow the air two times. Maintain the Ratio of 30 chest compressions with two rescue breaths. (30:2)

Remember the sequence of C-A-B Repeat at least 5 cycles after that again check vital signs. Repeat CAB till the patient starts breathing on its own or is shifted to the nearby medical facility.